Really bridging a Thomson TG789vn
I greatly dislike using DSL modems as routers. They tend to be limited in almost every way imaginable. Unfortunately, getting a proper router with a DSL interface is very much not worth it for at home. They tend to be pricy. And then some.
So in the past I’ve set my DSL modems to get as far out of the way as possible. That has involved using my Alcatel Speedtouch Home for as long as I could (one would dial-in to that using PPTP), then getting a real Speedtouch 780wl and using Static IP Spoofing and finally getting a real Thomson TG789vn instead of the piece of shit KPN sends you and doing the exact same thing until VDSL2 came along.
For the Speedtouch 780wl (which is an ADSL2 modem) and the 789vn operating on an ADSL2 network with PPPoA, various pre-fab configs to get it out of the way are available, from Thomson no less. Just download the utility, pick a config and it’ll set-up the modem to do what you want. Works fine.
Now, I got this 789vn because I would soon be upgraded to VDSL2. Unlike ADSL2, KPN runs its VDSL2 network based on Ethernet rather than ATM. So to go with that, rather than having the modem do PPPoA, it does PPPoE. There are no pre-fab configs for the combination of VDSL + PPPoE + SIP_SPOOF. So I took the PPPoA spoof config and a VDSL config and mashed them up and a night of tinkering later I had a working config. Sort-of.
The config I landed on required setting the MAC-address of the router as a static entry in the modem’s ARP table, or otherwise the modem would point the public IP address at itself. It also required serious trickery on the router end. The OpenBSD box I used couldn’t really support this way of working it, so I had to use the modem’s rfc1918 addressing and have it NAT the secondary address with a static config even for locally generated packets. The shiny new Juniper router I use now either can’t do that or I haven’t figured out how, so instead I had to let it use DHCP and tell it the default route was somewhere random in the /8 (yes, it tells you your address is a /8 address and proxy-arps that entire subnet) the modem advertises. Before both of those, I used a Linux box that required yet another, completely different approach.
“Not ideal” doesn’t really cover it.
I have a Juniper SRX100 now to do my routing work that I bought second-hand recently. It made me revisit this entire situation and how non-ideal it was, exactly.
Before, I said that KPN’s VDSL-network is Ethernet-based, with PPPoE to do the actual link set-up. This is actually quite useful, because PPPoE can be done natively by most routers on their Ethernet interfaces. That includes the SRX100. Of course, the Thomson won’t let you by default.
Now, these Thomsons, while limited in many ways, are actually quite capable in a bunch of others. They’re just hard to configure, and good documentation is beyond sparse. But I found documentation on how to configure the important part of what I wanted to do here: its built-in ethernet bridge.
In this post I will demonstrate how the goal of using the Thomson TG789vn (though this should apply to other models too, at least so long as PPPoE is used) as if it were really just a modem can be achieved. Or, more accurately, how I achieved it. My sample-size here is one, so all I can do is write down what worked for me.
These modems all have an internal logical ethernet switch (bridge) to which multiple logical interfaces can be connected. The logical interfaces can then be connected (if so desired) to physical or virtual (internal) interfaces, they can be assigned VLANs (with tagging), priorities and all that jazz. It’s like the thing has a fully managed switch entirely contained within its ASICs.
This bridge is what we need to get a real bridged connection, so that the actual router can talk PPPoE to the ISP and the modem really is just that: a modem. The modem has 5 ethernet ports; 4 are Fast Ethernet and another Gigabit Ethernet port is unused by default, the idea being that the FE ports are for the LAN and the GigE port is a WAN port for non-DSL deployments.
We will turn that GigE port into the port we use to talk PPPoE to the ISP. The other ports can remain as-is; so we can continue to manage the modem through its usual IP address. The device supports VLAN tagging so it can technically all be done over a single ethernet connection, but I chose to use two connections instead.
First of all, the Thomson modems’ web interfaces are so useless it’s hard to describe. It can be likened to having to chop down a tree with only a butter knife to use as a tool. So we must use the telnet interface and log in as Administrator.
Before you do anything, you should back-up your current configuration so you can revert to it in case it all goes wrong. Surprisingly, this is something the web interface actually is useful for, offering an easy way to download the configuration to your computer and upload it again should the need arise. The option is under Thomson Gateway -> Configuration.
Second, it’s a good idea to delete the current PPPoE settings from the modem. I made the mistake of not doing this, and when I got to the point where the VDSL-interface worked again the modem actually set up its PPPoE connection again and left me wondering why my router wouldn’t negotiate an IP address.
Now, if your modem is doing PPPoE, it’ll already be set-up to use a virtual internal interface to connect. You will need some information, though, which you may get as follows:
{Administrator}=>:ppp iflist
Internet: dest ETH_HSIA_vdsl [local disconnect] [02:20:17] retry : 10
Deleting the interface is done using the ppp ifdelete command:
:ppp ifdelete intf=Internet
The ETH_HSIA_vdsl interface is a virtual interface that exists only within the modem. It’ll likely be assigned to some VLAN:
{Administrator}=>:eth iflist
ETH_HSIA_vdsl : Dest: bridge
Connection State: connected Retry: 10
WAN: Enabled
Priority Tagging: Disabled
PortNr: 1
VLAN: HSIA_vdsl
Indeed, it is assigned to the vlan HSIA_vdsl. This, then, is the vlan we need to add the fifth ethernet port to, because that will make the PPPoE packets appear to the bridge in the same way as they did when the modem still did PPPoE itself. The virtual ethernet interface to the PPPoE process is conceptually the same as having a device that does PPPoE physically connected with an ethernet cable to this vlan, except it is handled entirely within the modem’s hard- and software.
We will now add our fifth, unused, ethernet interface to that VLAN. First, it must be added to the bridge. Then we can set a few options on it and lastly it much be attached to the physical interface.
:eth bridge ifadd brname=bridge intf=ethport5 dest=ethif5 :eth bridge ifconfig brname=bridge intf=ethport5 wan=disabled :eth bridge ifattach brname=bridge intf=ethport5
Then, we can add it to the vlan we want it in, and remove it from the default vlan.
:eth bridge vlan ifdelete name=default intf=ethport5 :eth bridge vlan ifadd name=HSIA_vdsl intf=ethport5 :eth bridge ifconfig brname=bridge intf=ethport5 vlan=HSIA_vdsl
This should be enough to get our 5th ethernet port bridged with the VDSL. Save the config using saveall.
On the router side, you should now be able to connect an interface (typically labeled WAN) to the Thomson’s fifth Ethernet port (the red one on the TG789vn) and set it up to use PPPoE. For completeness, here’s how I make JunOS do that:
pp0 {
unit 0 {
point-to-point;
ppp-options {
pap {
local-name "kpn@direct-adsl";
local-password "$9$IW/crKvWXbsg"; ## SECRET-DATA
passive;
}
}
pppoe-options {
underlying-interface fe-0/0/0.0;
idle-timeout 0;
auto-reconnect 5;
client;
}
family inet {
negotiate-address;
}
}
}
Or in commands:
set interfaces pp0 unit 0 point-to-point set interfaces pp0 unit 0 ppp-options pap local-name "kpn@direct-adsl" set interfaces pp0 unit 0 ppp-options pap local-password "$9$IW/crKvWXbsg" set interfaces pp0 unit 0 ppp-options pap passive set interfaces pp0 unit 0 pppoe-options underlying-interface fe-0/0/0.0 set interfaces pp0 unit 0 pppoe-options idle-timeout 0 set interfaces pp0 unit 0 pppoe-options auto-reconnect 5 set interfaces pp0 unit 0 pppoe-options client set interfaces pp0 unit 0 family inet negotiate-address
The password, of course, is the incredibly secret word “KPN”. I don’t think the details actually matter here as KPN figures out who you are by what physical interface you connect to on their end rather than a username/password combo.
If you happen to use the same combo, I found that I also needed to force the TCP Maximum Segment Size to 1452 (the maximum for a 1492 mtu connection), or I wouldn’t be able to talk to half the internet:
set security flow tcp-mss all-tcp mss 1452
All of the above was written down well after an entire night’s worth of tinkering, distilled down into the only changes that actually matter. In fact, mostly I wrote it down for myself because I couldn’t find anything already written down about it and I didn’t want to forget. I hope it is of some use to you.
